Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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Figure 12–1
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1.
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Figure 12–1 shows the
structure of a(an) a. | DNA
molecule. | c. | RNA molecule. | b. | amino
acid. | d. | protein. | | | | |
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2.
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Which of the following is a
nucleotide found in DNA? a. | ribose + phosphate group +
thymine | b. | ribose + phosphate group + uracil | c. | deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil | d. | deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine | | |
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3.
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The nitrogen bases found in a
DNA molecule include all but which of the following? a. | adenine | c. | cytosine | b. | uracil | d. | guanine | | | | |
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4.
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Which of the follow pairs of
nitrogen bases is NOT found in DNA? a. | adenine-thymine | c. | guanine-cytosine | b. | cytosine-guanine | d. | adenine-guanine | | | | |
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5.
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A DNA molecule resembles a
twisted ladder. This shape is most correctly called a a. | double helix | c. | spiral staircase | b. | single helix | d. | triple helix | | | | |
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6.
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Along the “rails”
of a DNA molecule there are two types of chemicals that alternate with one another. These two
chemicals are a. | nitrogen bases and sugars. | c. | phosphates and
proteins. | b. | phosphates and nitrogen bases. | d. | phosphates and
sugars. | | | | |
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7.
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How many base pairs are found
in one twist of a DNA molecule?
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8.
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DNA stands for
a. | ribonucleic acid. | c. | deoxyribonucleic acid. | b. | deoxyribonucleic protein. | d. | deoxyroxyneoxy acid. | | | | |
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9.
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On one side of a DNA molecule
the following bases are found: ACGGCGGTTA
What would be the base sequence on the
other side? a. | CGTTGTTAAC | c. | TGCCGCCAAT | b. | GATTGAATTA | d. | ATTCGGATTA | | | | |
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10.
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DNA molecules are found
in a. | viruses. | c. | bacteria. | b. | the nucleus of
cells. | d. | all of the above. | | | | |
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11.
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All of the following are
thought to be important steps in the evolution of all complex organisms except a. | the devolopment of small molecules from individual atoms. | b. | the evolution of a barrier to protect replicating molecules from the external
environment. | c. | the development of chloroplasts. | d. | the evolution of metabolic processes like fermentation. | | |
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12.
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DNA is a. | a self-replicating molecule. | c. | found in the nucleus of
eukaryotes. | b. | a nucleic acid. | d. | all of the above are
true. | | | | |
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13.
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Along the rails of a DNA
molecule, which of the following is NOT found? a. | nitrogenous
base | c. | sugar | b. | deoxyribose | d. | phosphate | | | | |
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14.
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All of the following
nitrogenous bases are found in DNA except for a. | adenine. | b. | uracil. | c. | thymine. | d. | cytosine. | e. | guanine. | | |
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15.
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DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic
acid. It gets this name because a. | it is a nucleic
acid. | c. | it is found on ribosomes. | b. | it contains the sugar
deoxyribose. | d. | both a and b are correct. | | | | |
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16.
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The word helix refers to any
long molecule that a. | is in the shape of a
ladder. | c. | has a twisted shape. | b. | contains
nucleotides. | d. | is a nucleic acid. | | | | |
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17.
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The “rails” of a
DNA molecule contain a. | phosphates that are negatively
charged. | c. | sugars called ribose. | b. | phosphates that are positively
charged. | d. | sugars that are negatively charged. | | | | |
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18.
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All of the following can be
products of fermentation except for a. | carbon
dioxide. | c. | nucleic acids. | b. | alcohol. | d. | lactic acid. | | | | |
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19.
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The most important product of
fermentation, from the cell’s point of view is a. | carbon dioxide. | c. | ATP (energy) | b. | alcohol. | d. | lactic acid. | | | | |
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20.
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Fermentation is a process
that a. | breaks down ATP to form energy. | b. | uses glucose, in the presence of oxygen, to form
ATP.(energy). | c. | is used to replicate DNA molecules. | d. | uses glucose, without using oxygen, to form ATP (energy). | | |
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21.
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DNA contains only 4 types of
nucleotides, adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. If cytosine makes up 38% of the
nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately, what percentage of the nucleotides in
this sample will be guanine? a. | 12 | b. | 24 | c. | 31 | d. | 38 | e. | It cannot be determined from the
information provided. | | |
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22.
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In an analysis of the
nucleotide composition of DNA, which of the following would always be
true? a. | A = T and C = G | b. | G = T | c. | A = C | d. | A = G and C = T | | |
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23.
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DNA contains only 4 types of
nucleotides, adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. If cytosine makes up 38% of the
nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately, what percentage of the nucleotides in
this sample will be thymine? a. | 12 | b. | 24 | c. | 31 | d. | 38 | e. | It cannot be determined from the
information provided. | | |
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The graph below shows
the amount of ATP produced in a cell during a period of time.
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24.
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According to the
graph, which of the following processes would most likely have increased between points A and
B? a. | fermentation | c. | replication of
DNA | b. | replication of
RNA | d. | osmosis across the cell membrane | | | | |
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25.
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In the graph shown, between
points A and B, a. | ATP in the cell decreased. | c. | glucose was used in the
cell. | b. | glucose was formed in the cell. | d. | can’t tell from the information
given. | | | | |
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